1 Samuel 16:18

Authorized King James Version

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Then answered one of the servants, and said, Behold, I have seen a son of Jesse the Beth-lehemite, that is cunning in playing, and a mighty valiant man, and a man of war, and prudent in matters, and a comely person, and the LORD is with him.

Original Language Analysis

וַיַּעַן֩ Then answered H6030
וַיַּעַן֩ Then answered
Strong's: H6030
Word #: 1 of 22
properly, to eye or (generally) to heed, i.e., pay attention; by implication, to respond; by extension to begin to speak; specifically to sing, shout,
אֶחָ֨ד one H259
אֶחָ֨ד one
Strong's: H259
Word #: 2 of 22
properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first
מֵֽהַנְּעָרִ֜ים of the servants H5288
מֵֽהַנְּעָרִ֜ים of the servants
Strong's: H5288
Word #: 3 of 22
(concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a servant; also (by interch. of sex), a girl (of similar latit
וַיֹּ֗אמֶר and said H559
וַיֹּ֗אמֶר and said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 4 of 22
to say (used with great latitude)
הִנֵּ֨ה H2009
הִנֵּ֨ה
Strong's: H2009
Word #: 5 of 22
lo!
רָאִ֜יתִי Behold I have seen H7200
רָאִ֜יתִי Behold I have seen
Strong's: H7200
Word #: 6 of 22
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
בֵּ֣ן a son H1121
בֵּ֣ן a son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 7 of 22
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
לְיִשַׁי֮ of Jesse H3448
לְיִשַׁי֮ of Jesse
Strong's: H3448
Word #: 8 of 22
jishai, david's father
בֵּ֣ית H0
בֵּ֣ית
Strong's: H0
Word #: 9 of 22
הַלַּחְמִי֒ the Bethlehemite H1022
הַלַּחְמִי֒ the Bethlehemite
Strong's: H1022
Word #: 10 of 22
a beth-lechemite, or native of bethlechem
יֹדֵ֣עַ that is cunning H3045
יֹדֵ֣עַ that is cunning
Strong's: H3045
Word #: 11 of 22
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
נַ֠גֵּן in playing H5059
נַ֠גֵּן in playing
Strong's: H5059
Word #: 12 of 22
properly, to thrum, i.e., beat a tune with the fingers; expectation. to play on a stringed instrument; hence (generally), to make music
וְגִבּ֨וֹר and a mighty H1368
וְגִבּ֨וֹר and a mighty
Strong's: H1368
Word #: 13 of 22
powerful; by implication, warrior, tyrant
חַ֜יִל valiant man H2428
חַ֜יִל valiant man
Strong's: H2428
Word #: 14 of 22
probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength
וְאִ֣ישׁ and a man H376
וְאִ֣ישׁ and a man
Strong's: H376
Word #: 15 of 22
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
מִלְחָמָ֛ה of war H4421
מִלְחָמָ֛ה of war
Strong's: H4421
Word #: 16 of 22
a battle (i.e., the engagement); generally, war (i.e., war-fare)
וּנְב֥וֹן and prudent H995
וּנְב֥וֹן and prudent
Strong's: H995
Word #: 17 of 22
to separate mentally (or distinguish), i.e., (generally) understand
דָּבָ֖ר in matters H1697
דָּבָ֖ר in matters
Strong's: H1697
Word #: 18 of 22
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
וְאִ֣ישׁ and a man H376
וְאִ֣ישׁ and a man
Strong's: H376
Word #: 19 of 22
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
תֹּ֑אַר and a comely H8389
תֹּ֑אַר and a comely
Strong's: H8389
Word #: 20 of 22
outline, i.e., figure or appearance
וַֽיהוָ֖ה and the LORD H3068
וַֽיהוָ֖ה and the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 21 of 22
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
עִמּֽוֹ׃ H5973
עִמּֽוֹ׃
Strong's: H5973
Word #: 22 of 22
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then

Analysis & Commentary

Then answered one of the servants, and said, Behold, I have seen a son of Jesse the Beth-lehemite, that is cunning in playing, and a mighty valiant man, and a man of war, and prudent in matters, and a comely person, and the LORD is with him.

This remarkable description of David encompasses multiple excellencies: musical skill, physical prowess, military capability, wisdom in speech, physical attractiveness, and - most importantly - 'the LORD is with him.' This final phrase (Yahweh 'immo) is the summary assessment that explains all other qualities. Divine presence, not natural talent alone, produced David's exceptional development during his years of faithful shepherding.

Historical Context

Wilderness shepherding had developed David's courage (facing predators), musical skill (passing solitary hours), and leadership (managing flocks). His combat experience against lions and bears prepared him for larger battles. The comprehensive description suggests David was already known in the region.

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